Japanese encephalitis is a viral infection of the brain spread by the bite of infected mosquitoes, mainly in rural and agricultural areas of Asia. The risk is highest in rice growing regions and near rivers and wetlands where mosquitoes breed. Most people who are infected develop only mild or no symptoms, but a small proportion go on to develop severe encephalitis, which carries a significant risk of long term neurological damage or death.
Vaccination is recommended for travellers spending extended time in rural parts of endemic countries or for those with substantial outdoor exposure even on shorter trips. The vaccine is given as two injections, with the second dose at least a week before departure. An accelerated 7-day schedule is available for adults when time before travel is limited.
The risk to short stay city travellers is generally low, but our pharmacist will assess your individual itinerary to give you personalised advice. For longer trips, backpacking, or work in rural communities, the vaccine is a sensible precaution. Call us on 0161 437 2634 if you are unsure whether it applies to your plans.
When you need this vaccine
- Extended travel (typically more than 1 month) to rural or agricultural areas of South, South-East, or East Asia
- Shorter trips with significant outdoor or rural exposure, particularly during the transmission season
- Travel to high risk countries including India, China, Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia
- Adventure travellers, backpackers, and cyclists spending significant time outdoors in endemic regions
- Expatriates and people relocating to live or work in endemic areas of Asia
Schedule
- Two doses of the vaccine (Ixiaro) given at least 28 days apart, with the second dose completed at least 1 week before travel.
- An accelerated schedule for adults: two doses given 7 days apart, if there is insufficient time for the standard schedule.
- A booster dose is recommended 12 to 24 months after the primary course for those who need continued protection.
- Protection develops around 1 week after the second dose.